Secondary steelmaking starts with understanding desulfurization, for if you know how slags and steel interact to desulfurize, you not only remove sulfur, but you ensure the optimum conditions for ladle life, deoxidation, alloy recovery, clean steel, reduced nozzle clogging, and ladle station efficiency and throughput.

Ahh… chemists in their natural habitat. No surprise they are playing with a teeter-totter, aka a balance beam. Chemists (aka metallurgists without real purpose in their lives) love these things. Balances describe chemical reactions. Let’s see what they are up to, and what it means for balancing the desulfurization reaction between the slag and the steel. …And we introduce a surprise material vital to steelmaking (no, it ain't carbide).

No idea why bodybuilders say this all the time, but this time we're going to do a little "heavy lifting" of our own! We'll try to keep it light... Going to show how to get a slag with the most active lime AND still have a nice, fluid slag. Is your slag in a good place? It's condition no. 3 of the Seven Conditions for Effective Desulfurization.

You need more than chemistry to make it work – you need to get physical! Ever have a heat that won't desulfurize even though the slag analysis is good? You just may have a few things to learn from a sponge! In this unit we are taking on Desulfurizing Conditions 4 and 5, the physical slag characteristics needed before we get the lonely sulfur and lime to meet each other.

This time we get wrapped up in a detective story while wrapping up our discussion on desulfurization. It's a race against time, mixing it up on a crowded dance floor, trying to find our unsuspecting target before it's too late. Join the hunt as we take on the last two conditions of "The 7 Conditions for Effective Desulfurization" – and discover that we need to call for backup!